It was a combination of private companies and state works. Much of the innovation took place in the private sector, with a constant cross-feed of ideas running between the two. The State works were not above looking outside the United Kingdom for inspiration, as exemplified in the case of the Bren.

Britain had a long tradition of industry and so the skills base required was in no shortage; as such, virtually every manufacturer in the UK was able to convert their efforts in times of national crisis. Apart from the Government, or Royal arsenals / factories there were also two long-established proof houses (one in London and the other Birmingham). The very existence of these again demonstrates a healthy industry based around the production of guns.

To read about the Enfield 'Inch', click here.

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